Apparatus for finishing bimetallic articles



1946- s. KUPERSMITH ETAL 9 APPARATUS FOR FINISHING BIMETALLIC ARTICLES Filed Sept. e, 1943 5 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTORS.

4:05 K0Pesn4nw BY CHAELES 1. Mar- -May Jan. 1, 1946.

L. S. KUPERSMITH ET AL APPARATUS FOR FINISHING BIMETALLIC ARTICLES 5 Sheets-Sheet Filed Sept. 6, 1943 L50 :5 Kan:-

L. s. KUPERSMITH ET AL 92,050 APPARATUS FOR FINISHING BIMETALLIC ARTICLES Jan. 1, 1946.

Filed Sept. 6, 1943 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 ESL INVENTO 5 L50 5 KuPE/E'sn/rH Jan. l, 1946. 1.. KUPERSMITH ET'AL 2,392,050

APPARATUS FOR FINISHING BIMETALLIC ARTICLES Filed Sept. 6, 1943 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 LEO 6. KUPEESMITH CH/4121.5: 1? M27- Patented Jan. 1, 1946 Z,39Z,()() v UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE APPARATUS FOR FINISHING BIJVIETALLIC ARTICLES Leo S. Kupersmith, Cleveland Heights, and Charles F. Wirt, East Cleveland, Ohio, assignors to The S. K. Wellman Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application September s, 1943, Serial No. 501,422

17 Claims. (01. 51-450) This invention relates to apparatus for trim- Figs. to 14 are diagrammatic showings of the 'ming or finishing the edge or edges of the facfinishing shoes of the apparatus illustrating the ing of bimetallic articles of the type having a various positions they assume in operation; sintered powdered metal facing integrally bonded Fig. 15 is a schematic showing of the piping to one or more faces of a reinforcing member or 5 connections of the control system; core of solid metal such as steel or copper and in Fig. 16 is a side elevation of a modified finishwhich the facing has sharp or rough edges and ing apparatus; and v is usually coextensive with the core or overhangs Fig. 17 is a vertical section taken on line I 1ll the edges thereof at at least one place on the of Fig. 16.

P p y. m In the production of bimetallic articles such as One object of the invention is the provision of bearings or clutch and brake elements of the typ a new and improved mechanism for finishing such having a sintered powdered metal facing bonded facing edges of bimetallic articles by abrading to one or more faces of a reinforcing member or the edges of the powdered metal facing with a core of solid metal such as steel or copper, it is rough eoften customary to construct the articles with Another object of the invention is the prothe facin of larger area than the face of the core vision of a new and improved mechanism having so that it overhangs the edges of the core in order means for automatically trimming or finishing to insure that the complete face of the core is the facing of a bimetallic article and including covered. This is particularly true where pow novel finishing shoes mounted inamanner wheredered metals are briquetted separately to form by the edges of the sintered powdered facing are a facing which is then placed on the face of the given a curved or beveled contour in order that core and heat treated to sinter the facing and chipping or cracking of the marginal portions of bond it to the core as described in Samuel K. the f c in subsequent handling and service will Wellman Patent No. 2,178,527; issued October 31,

be avoided. 1939. This overhanging at the edges cannot be A further object is to provide a new and impermitted to remain on the finished article if proved apparatus including exterior and interior chipping and cracking of the edges of the facin finishing means for producing the proper conare to be avoided since the facing material is tour on both the inside and outside facing edges rather brittle. and a blow against the edge thereof an annular bimetallic article and having novel of will not only remove the overhanging material means to accomplish this result in one operation but also chip or crack the marginal portions of of the apparatus. the facing. V

Other and further objects and advantages of The same problem is present in bimetallic artithe invention will be apparent from the followcles in which the powdered material is briquetted ing description taken in conjunction with the directly on the core as described in Swartz Patent accompanying gs, in which No. Re. 22,282, issued March 2,1943, wherein the Fig. l is a plan view of a typical bimetallic core is placed in the bottom of a mold, a quantity article having unfinished facing edges; of powdered material added and the whole sub- Fig. 2 is an enlarged section on line 2-2 of jected to pressure and heat. While this'method Fig. 1. 40 does not produce any overhanging edges, it does Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 but showing produce a facing that is coextensive in area with the article as finished by the apparatus; the core and that has right-angle edges. These Fig. 4 is a rear elevation, with parts in section, sharp edges are susceptible to chipping and of one embodiment of an apparatus adapted to cracking in subsequent handling and use of the finish the facing edges of the article of Fig. 1; bimetallic article.

Fig. 5 is a vertical section, on an enlarged scale, 1 It has been the practice for the manufacturers taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 4; of bimetallic articles of the type described above Fig. 6 is a horizontal section taken on line 66 to add a finishing step to the process in order to of Fig. 5. impart an inclined or rounded contour to the edge Fig. '7 is a horizontal section taken on line 'I of the sintered facing and thus minimize the dan- Of ger of chipping or cracking if the edge of the arti- Fig. 8 is a plan view of an element of the unit cle receives a blow or is struck against a hard surface. In the past, this finishing step has been Fig. 9 is a horizontal section, on an enlarged done by hand utilizing a tool such as a knife or scale, taken on line 99 of Fig. 4; .55 file to impart the desired contour. However, this hand operation has been found to be objectionable in that it does not produce a uniform product and is slow, particularly if the article is of irregular configuration. This invention is directed to an apparatus for trimming or finishing the edges of the sintered facing whereby a uniform product is easily and rapidly produced.

Referring now to the drawings, in Figs. 1 and 2 we have illustrated at I a typical bimetallic article which the apparatus of this invention is adapted to finish. The article ,shown is an annular ring having a core 2 of steel to the opposite faces of which are bonded facings 3 and 4 of sintered powdered metal. The ring I shown is adapted for use in a brake of an airplane, and the core 2 is provided with lugs or tangs 6 disposed about the periphery thereof in spaced relation to position the ring in the brake assembly.

As is clear from Fig. 2, the facing material overhangs the edges of the core at! and is very susceptible to chipping or cracking in service. The apparatus which we will now describe is designed to trim the ring of Fig. 2 to remove this overhanging material and to impart an inclined or rounded contour to the edges as at 8 in Fig. 3.

Referring now to Figs. 4 and 5 in which we have illustrated one suitable apparatus, it will be seen that the mechanism comprises a frame I I which carries in superposed relation the article advancing unit I2, the outside facin finishing unit I3, the article ejecting unit I4, and the inside facing finishing unit I6. The ring I to be finished is inserted in the machine in the space between the article advancing unit I2 and the outside facing finishing unit I3, and after treatment is ejected from the machine by the ejector unit I4 below the unit I3. As will be made clear from the following description, the outside facin finishing unit I3 contains a cylindrical abrasive surface which is adapted to finish the outside edges of the ring as the ring is advanced through the unit by the article advancing unit I2. The inside facing finishing unit I6 contains an exterior roughened cylindrical surface adapted to finish the inside edges of the ring as it is being advanced through the outside facing finishing unit I3.

The frame I I comprises a base portion of skeleton, box-like configuration formed by the four vertical angle irons II which are held in spaced relation by the two pairs of lower horizontal angle irons I8 and I 9 and the two pairs of upper horizontal angle irons 2I and 22 which are secured to the vertical angle irons IT by welding. The angle irons I I, I8, I9, 2|, and 22 cooperate to define a regular hexahedron or framework.

Disposed intermediate the longitudinal horizontal angle irons I9 and 22 and parallel therewith are two horizontal angle irons 23 adapted to brace the vertical angle irons I1 and to form supports for the upper unit of the frame I I.

The upper unit of the frame comprises two vertical channel members 24 and 26 secured together at their upper ends by the horizontal channel member 21. The vertical channel member 24 is secured to the horizontal angle members 22 and 23 intermediate the ends thereof by means of bolts 28. The vertical channel member 26 is secured to the other pair of angle irons 22 and 23 piston rod 31 to the lower end of which is secured the hollow pusher or ram 38 formed by the shell 39 and the pusher foot M which is welded thereto, The shell 39 is secured at its upper end tova crossbar 42 bolted at 43 to a flange 44 which is secured to the piston rod 31 by means of the pin 46. Disposed at the right hand side of the crossbar 42 and bolted thereto at 49 is an arm 47 provided with an opening 5| for reception of the guide rod 52. This guide rod 52 is secured at its upper end by nuts 53 to the upper horizontal channel member 21 and at its lower end engages a hole in the outside facing finishing unit I3. The arm 41 and guide rod 52 cooperate to prevent rotation of the pusher or ram 38 during its vertical movement.

Attention is now directed to the outside facing finishing unit I 3 which is more fully illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6. This unit comprises a supporting member formed by the upper annular guide ring BI and the lower annular guide ring or base plate 62 held in spaced relation by securement to the annular shell 63. The shell 63 engages a notch 64 in the upper annular ring SI and ashoulder 66 on the lower ring 62. The parts 6|, 62, and 63 are secured together by welding or other suitable means. Disposed within the interior of the cylindrical space defined by the shell 83 of the supporting member are a spaced series of shoes designated generally as 61. These shoes are provided with rough innerfaces 68 which cooperate to define a rough elongated surface or chamber having a shape-in cross section substantially the same as the contour of the outer peripehry of the core of the bimetallic article tobe moved therethrough by the article advancing unit I2. Each shoe in cross section is of T-shaped formation as is evident from Fig. 6 and comprises a reinforcing portion 69 which forms the stem of the T and a surface portion II which forms the head of the T. In the embodiment shown, the rough faces for the shoes are provided by gluing a strip of abrasive cloth 68 to the face of the surface portion II, but it is obvious that the rough face may be obtained by other means. For example, the surface portion II may itself have a rough face similar to that of a file or a rough metal surface may be secured thereto.

As is shown in Fig. 5, the shoe 6! is tapered toward each end thereof and terminatesin the extensions I2 which are loosely fitted in radial slots I3 formed in the upper and lower rings 6| and 62. The extensions I2 and slots I3 constitute a guide means for restraining movement of each shoe to a plane at right angles to the roughened surface thereof. The slots I2 of the upper ring 6| are formed with enlarged portions or wells I4 to permit ready removal of the shoes. That is, as the upper extension of the shoe is swung outwardly and raised into the well I4, the lower extension I2 will be raised out of the slot I3 in the lower ring 62 permitting the swinging forward of the lower end of the shoe and removal. from the unit.

Each slot I3 is provided at the inner edge thereof with a stop I6 against which the extension I2 is adapted to abut to limit inward or forward movement of the shoe. The rear sides ll of the wells I4 and the rear sides I8 of the slots I3 of the lower ring 62 serve as stops to limit outward or rearward movement of the shoes. The lower slots l3 are provided with drain holes BIi-to allow exit of any dust or abrasive particles.

Means generally designated as 8I are provided to resiliently urge each shoe forwardly against the stops I6. As is shown inFig. 5, this means comprises a sleeve 82 which receives a'spring pressed hollow plunger 83 having a rounded face 84 for engagement with the rear edge of the reinforcing portion 69 of each shoe. The housing 82 is provided with screw threads 85 on the exterior thereof and is adapted to be inserted into the threaded opening 90 in the drum 63. A look nut 86 is provided to secure the sleeve 82 in adjusted position.

A cap 81 is threaded on the outer open end of the housing 82 and serves as an abutment for the one end of the spring 86. The other end of the spring 88 engages the round end 84 of the hollow plunger 83 and serves to urge it forward and. to press the shoe 61 against the stops I6. It is apparent that each unit 8I forms a compact spring means for urging the shoe 6'I forward and the pressure applied can be adjusted by screwing the housing 82 in and out of the threaded opening 84 in the drum 63. It is, of course, understood that each shoe is provided with a unit SI and that numerous other types of means to urge the shoes forwardly may be substituted.

As is clear from Fig. 6, the surface portions 'II of the shoes 61 are of arcuate configuration and cooperate to define a cylindrical surface. The surfaces 'II are not contiguous but are separated to provide spaces 92 for reception of the lugs 6 of the bimetallic article of Fig. 1. Thus, the rough surface 68 of each shoe is adapted to engage and remove the facing material on the edge of the article between the lugs.

In order to insure that the article is properly aligned when inserted in the outside facing finishing unit I3, four guide members 93, see Fig. 8, are secured to the inner face of the upper ring 6I. These guide members are provided with tapered slots 94 for reception of four of the lugs 6 of the article. Thus, the operator of the machine may readily drop a bimetallic article into the outside facing finishing unit I3, and it will be properly aligned by means of the slots 96. In Fig. 5, we have shown such an article I in the position it assumes when dropped into the unit.

The operation of the apparatus will be described in greater detail hereafter. but it may be observed that the hollow ram 38 of the article advancing unit I2 is utilized to advance to the ring I through the outside facing finishing unit I3 in a horizontal position. As the article isadvanced through the stripper unit, the abrasive faces 68 of the shoes 61 impart the proper contour to the outer peripheral edges of the sintered facing of the article I. -The outside facing finishin unit I3 is positioned on angle irons 25 which extend between and are secured to the upper horizontal angle irons 2I. As is shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the lower annular ring 62 is provided with a flange 65 for the reception of bolts to secure the unit to the angle irons 25.

Disposed below the outside facing finishing unit I3 is the ejector unit I4 for receiving the bimetallic article from the unit I3 and for ejecting it from the apparatus. This unit comprises a fixed stripping plate or member I!!! having a central opening I02 of less diameter than the outside diameter of the bimetallic article I. This stripping plate I!!! constitutes a receivin platform for the article as it comes from the unit I3 and is bolted at I63 to the angle irons I94 which in turn are secured to the angle irons I06. The angle irons I06 are bolted at I61 to the vertical angle irons I! of the main frame II.

Mounted on the plate IIII for oscillatory movement are a pair of ejector arms I08, see Figs. 4 and 9. Each ejector arm is secured by a pin I09 to a shaft I I I and is adapted to oscillate about the axis of said shaft and over the surface of the plate IIlI through a limited amplitude. These arms are adapted to be retracted to permit the bimetallic article to fall onto the plate IUI and are then advanced to eject the article from the apparatus into a receiving'chute shown at H0 in Fig. 5.

Each shaft III is journaled at H2 in the plate WI and provided with a shoulder I I3 to prevent upward movement thereof. A washer H4 is disposed between the ejector arm I68 and the plate IIlI to space the arm a slight distance above the plate. The ejector arm and the pin attachment I09 serve to prevent downward movement of each shaft III. The lower portion of each ejector arm below the shoulder I I3 is of rectangular cross section, and the lower end thereof at H4 is given a twist or turn. The shafts II4 and the ejector arms I68 are oscillated by the vertical movement of the nonrotating guides II6 carried by the inside facing finishing unit I6 and moved vertically thereby, all as will be more fully described below.

Disposed above the ejector arms I08 and the plate IIII is a blower pipe I2I, see Figs. 4, 5, and 9. This pipe is of circular formation and of a diameter slightly greater than that of the article to be operated upon and is formed from a tube, which is bent to circular formation and joined to the T fitting I22 which is connected to a source of fluid under pressure such as air through the pipe I23. The pipe I 2I is provided with a series of apertures I24 spaced around the inner periphery thereof and directed downwardly at an angle of 45. The pipe is supported from the lower annular ring 62 of the outside facing finishing unit I3 by means of bolts I26 threaded into holes in the ring 62. The bolt I26 is provided with a pipe strap I28 to hold the pipe against a thick sleeve or washer I29. It is evident that if air is supplied under pressure to the pipe I23, jets of air from the apertures I24 will be directed downwardly and at an inner angle onto the support I6! and will serve to keep it free from dust and debris and to permit free movement of the ejector arms thereover.

Disposed below the plate IIlI and secured theretois a dust collector generally designated as I3I for removing dust and debris from the vicinity of the support I6 I. This unit comprises an annular sheet metal pan having an outer side formed by the circular member I32 and an. inner side formed by the circular member I33 which is joined to the outer member by a bottom I34. The outer member I32 is provided with three equi-spaced apertured lugs I36 adapted to receive bolts I35 which are threaded into the plate illI to secure the dust collecter thereto. The annular pan formed by the members I32, I33, and I34 is connected at one side thereof with a pipe I38 which in turn is connected to a suitable exhaust and dust collector system for creating a suction there- Attention is now directed to the inside facing finishing unit I6 which is more fully illustrated in Figs. l, 5, and '7. This unit comprises a supporting member formed by an upper circular plate I5I and a lower circular plate or base I52held in spaced relation by securement as by welding to the circular pipe or shell I53. Disposed around the exterior and in effect defining the circumferential surface of the unit I6 are a series of shoes generally designated as I54. These shoes are provided with roughened exterior faces I55 of arcuate configuration which cooperate to define an elongated surface having a shape in cross section substantially the same as the contour of the inner periphery of the article of Fig. 1, this elongated surface being adapted to cooperate with the elongated surface of the outside facing finishing unit I3 to define an annular passage having rough inner and outer surface. Each shoe in cross section is of T-shaped formation as is evident from Fig. 7 and comprises a reinforcing portion I51 which forms the stem of the T and a surface portion I58 which forms the head of the T. In the embodiment shown. the rough face for the shoes is provided by gluing a strip of abrasive cloth I59 to the face of the surface portion I58, but it is obvious that the rough face may be obtained by other means as suggested in connection with the shoes of the outside facing finishing unit I3.

As is shown in Fig. 5, each shoe I54 has a tapered contour at the ends thereof and terminates in extensions I6I. These extensions are loosely fitted in radial slots I62 formed in the upper and lower guide plates I! and I52 with which they cooperate to constitute a. guide means for each shoe. The slots I52 of the upper plate I51 are provided with wells I63 at the ends thereof to permit ready removal of the shoes. It is evident that the guide means for these shoes is of substantially the same construction as that used for t e Shoes of the outside facing finishing unit I3.

Means generally designated as I66 is rovided for each shoe to urge the same against the outer ends of the slots I62. As is shown in Fig. 5, this means comprises a sleeve I61 which is secured to the pipe I53 about an opening I68. The sleeve I61 engages a notch I69 in the pip I53 and is welded thereto and is adapted to receive the springpressed plunger I1I which has a rounded front face I12 for engagement with the rear edge of the reinforcing portion I51 of the shoe. The sleeve I61 slidably receives at the inner end thereof an adjustment plunger I13 which serves as an abutment for the spring I 14 which urges the plunger I1I forward. The plunger I1I is provided with a pin I16 for reception in slots I11 in the sleeve to prevent rotation. The plunger I13 is provided with a reduced portion I19 on the inner end thereof for engagement with the inclined surface I9I of the adjustment cam I82. It is apparent that vertical movement of the cam I82 serves to adjust the spring pressure on the plunger HI and the force with which the shoe I54 is urged outwardly.

The cam I82 is slidably received in the pipe I53 and is provided with a threaded opening I83 for reception of an adjusting bolt I84. The bolt I84 extends through a hole I86 in a plate I81 which is bolted at I89 to the upper plate I5I. The hexagonal head ISI of the bolt is disposed within a recess I92 and a socket cap screw I93 is provided to prevent rotation of the bolt unless the cap screw is removed. A collar I94 is secured to the bolt by means of a setscrew I96 just below the plate I81 to prevent upward movement of the bolt. By removing the cap screw I93 and rotating the bolt I84 in either direction and to the desired extent, the spring pressur on the shoes may be readily adjusted.

The inside facing finishing unit I6 is mounted for vertical movement by securement to the piston rod I98 of a fluid-operated cylinder I99. The cylinder I99 is bolted at 20I to the lower channel member 202 which in turn is secured at its ends by welding to the vertical channel members 24 and 26. The lower plate I52 of the inside facing finishing unit I6 carries a flange I53 secured thereto by means of bolts I54 and the flange is pinned at I56 to the piston rod I98. It is apparent that the cylinder I99 is adapted to move the inside facing finishing unit I6 to and from the position shown in Fig. 4 and a position where the unit is disposed within the outside facing finishing unit I3.

The lower plate I52 is provided with two outwardly extending arms 203 which at the outer extremities thereof carry the non-rotating guide! II 6. Each guide II6 comprises a metal insert having a slot 204 for reception of the shaft III and is secured in. place by means of a setscrew 206. The arms 203 are secured to the plate I52 by means of bolts 201 and are spaced therefrom by sleeves 208.

As is more clearly shown in Fig. 4, the shoes I 54 of the inside facing finishing unit I6 are shaped in such a manner that the space between adjacent shoes is inclined from the vertical. Thus, although the friction surface is constituted by a plurality of separate faces I56 which may be spaced apart as shown, relative movement of this surface past the inside of the article of Fig. 1 serves to abrade all portions thereof.

In Fig. 5, we have shown a cam-operated relief valve 209 secured to the upright angle iron 2I near the upper end of the inside facing finishing unit I6. This valve comprises a valve body 2 which carries a sleeve 2| 2 having a hexagonal opening for sliding engagement with the post 2I3 which is secured to the upright of the frame. The sleeve 2I2 is held in adjusted position by means of a setscrew 2| 5. The valve body is of usual construction and contains a valve operated by the plunger 2| 4 which is spring pressed toward a closed position. An operating lever 2I6 is hinged at 2I1 at one end thereof to the valve body and is provided at the other end with a roller 2I8. The roller 2I8 of the valve 209 is adapted to be engaged by the inclined surface 2I9 of a, cam 22I carried by the lower plate I52 of the inside facing finishing unit I6 when the unit I6 has been advanced to its highest position. Two manually operated valves 222, see Fig. 5 in which one of them is shown, are secured in convenient relation on angle iron 2| at the front of the machine and are utilized to control the operation of the mechanism. These valves are identical in construction and mounting with the valve 209 except that a handle 224 is substituted for the roller 2I8.

Now that the major part of the apparatus has been described as to physical structure, reference should be had to Figs. 10-14 which diagrammatically illustrate the positions assumed by the various parts in the operation of finishing a bimetallic article. The supporting members for the shoes and other structural parts have been omit ted to avoidconfusion in the drawings. In these figures, we have illustrated in section only onehalf of the machine since it is apparent that the parts will be duplicated in the other half. In other words, we have illustrated the opera.- tion of only one upper shoe 61 and one lower shoe I 54, but it is to be understood that the operation is the same for all of the shoes.

Referring now to Fig. 10, there is shown a shoe 61 of the outside facing finishing unit I 3 disposed above the stripping plate IM and a shoe I 54 of the inside facing finishing unit I6 disposed below the plate IN. The hollow pusher or ram 38 of the article advancing unit I2 is shown in contact with the article I which is in the position it assumes when dropped into the apparatus. As is clear from this figure, both shoes in their normal position have their abrasive or rough faces disposed in such an advanced position that the shoes must be forced back against spring pressure to permit passage of the article I. During this passage, the rough faces of the shoes will abrade and. remove the overhanging edges 1 of the facings 3and 4. However, the construction of the shoes and their mountings is such that they will assume an inclined position during this abrading operation and impart an inclined or rounded contour to the edges of the facings. Thus in Fig. 11, the ram 38 has advanced the article part way down the length of the shoe 6'! which has been forced back against spring pressure due to the fact that the circumference of the article is larger than the circumference of the cylindrical surface defined by the shoe 6'! in their normal or advanced position. Since the force applied to the shoe 61 by the article I is located above the center of the shoe, the upper end of the shoe will be forced back to a greater extent than the lower end and the shoe will assume an inclined position as shown.

While this operation is progressing, the inside facing finishing unit has been advanced until the shoe I54 has assumed the position shown in Fig. 11. As the ram 38 continues to advance, the article is progressed along the shoe 6'! and the overhanging edge I of the lower facing 4 is removed until the position shown in Fig. 12 is reached. At this point it will be observed that the article has passed the center of the shoe 6! whereupon the shoe now inclines in the opposite I position shown in Fig. 13, the lower shoe is lowered and the ram raised. As the shoe I54 is lowered, it carries with it the article I until the article contacts the stripping plate IIH, as shown in Fig. 14. Continued lowering -of the shoe I 54 strips the article from the lower shoe I54 and leaves it free on the stripping plate I9I.

It will thus be seen that the resilient mounting of each shoe in its supporting member causes it to assume constantly changing inclined positions in operation such that it will impart to the edges of the facings a rounded or inclined contour 9. As has been pointed out, edges finished in this manner are less susceptible to chipping and cracking during handling of the article.

The method of operation of the apparatus should be apparent fromthe above description, but it will be here set forth in the interest of greater clarity. The operator of the machine will drop a bimetallic article into the outsid facing finishing unit I3 so that it will assume the positionshown in Fig. 5. To accomplish this, he need merely slide an article fiatwise between the presser foot 4| of the article advancing unit and the upper plate 6| of the finishing unit I3 and align four of the tangs 6 of the article with the slots 94 of the guides 93 carried by the ring II and drop the article in the outside facing finishing unit into contact with the shoes carried by the outer supporting member. The tapered character of the slots 94 serves to make this insertion easier. He will then supply air under pressure to the upper end of the cylinder 36 of the article advancing unit- I2 to cause the ram 33 to advance the article through the outside facing finishing unit I3. At the same time, he will admit air to the lower end of the cylinder I99 of the inside facing finishing unit I6 to elevate the shoes I54. The air should be supplied to the cylinder I99 at a slower rate than th cylinder 36 in order that the sequence illustrated in Figs. 10-14 may be attained. When the various parts of the apparatus and the article have reached the position illustrated in Fig. 13, with the shoes I54 at their upper position, the operator will then reverse the movements of the piston rods 37 and I98 by supplying air under pressure to the piston-rod ends of the cylinders 36 and I99. This will retract the ram 38 of the article advancing unit to its normal position and will retract th inside facing finishing unit I6. As the unit I6 is retracted. through the stripping plate IIlI, the article will be stripped or removed .from the shoes I54. Shortly after this stripping operation occurs, the ejector arms I98 will move forwardlyto eject the finished article from the apparatus. It is, of course, evident from Figs. 4 and 9 that the ejector arms I98 are oscillated by means of the guides II6 carried by the arms 203 of the unit I6. In Fig. 9, the solid lines show the normal position of the ejector arms I08, while the dotted linesshow the position the arms assume during the major portion of the movement of the unit I6. The oscillation of the arms from the dotted line to the solid line positions constitutes the ejecting movement. As the arms go through this movement, they forcibly contact the article and elect it from the apparatus.

The control of the supply of air to the cylinders 36 and I99 may b accomplished through any suitable valve structure; however, we prefer to use the arrangement illustrated in Fig. 15 in which the various valves and pipe connections are shown diagrammatically. The cylinder 36 of the article advancing unit I2 is shown in proper relation to the cylinder I99 of the inside facing finishing unit I6. Disposed between the two units is shown the blower ring I2 I The hand-operated valves 222 and the cam-operated valve 299 are adapted to control the operation of a suitable master valve 226 which regulates the supply of air from a source S. -The master valve 226 is a four-way valve of the pilot-operated type adapted to cause advance and retraction of the cylinders 36 and I99 and to admit air to the blower ring I2I, and it may be mounted anywhere on the frame II of the apparatus. This master valve comprises a cylindrical valve body 221 provided with four spaced ports 228, 229, 23I, and 232 and receiving a cylindrical valve plug 233- which has the two arcuate passages 234 and 236. The valve plug 233 is adapted to be rotated through onequarter turn or ninety degrees to move th passages 234 and 236 to the dotted line positions. In the position shown in solid lines, the valve plug connects the port 232 with the port 228 and connects the port 229 with the'port 23I. In the dotted line position, port 229 is connected to port 228 and port 23I is, connected to port 232. The valve plug is provided with a shaft 23'! having a pinion gear 238 at on end thereof meshing 4? l two hml-eh rht al es .2 i hese l a ves h n series and eonn ct. w th pin fl iw C iP lQ t s. ei t to t e pis n.- ed. isl o the small i ylind r 242- A. pip 249 ooq ctjs tl o pips Q to the reliof valve 209 which when dpn will allow the sir to exhaust through h ei is i e 25L I alves 2;? an; osod in order to keep both mnd he 9Pfilii 9f th appar tus in s ii ehi i e the rein Q i e n ve i The s 'i heel i Q? the yli ider .6 and we a th El -We 1138 t all? nor-ts o t ma t valve 22,6 ar e tive y s m le. Port 228 is c nn ted W 2 i 1?? llliqu h a hrqfi i valv .5 o the Pipe? when i ih he pi Q zm nd of 03 1-. i' 'd with h B shop-re eiid oi the linder L -P r 3 9 is, eqh zesil ii by som t the mower? ring [2| and is @l so groyliied with a pipe 31 l has? ll he i el'ii iQ e haust to the ei POI; w s. 9 ihhcie i y p elill w t e in? l iszli eaflneefis the histQh-head ends (2 l l 6 .4. 1?.- ly ltli valves i fhh ii hi e eh e 'i h Pine. etwe n e f sl'it eo heeiiqh t h 111M258.- w. e reii oiis hails n. heir no ma ifien'wi h th i ton eds 31 ehc 13. i ji 'il i d pos io hi e r re 3 h ia 20.9 in q ei fi q ieii i i s e s iid ii hi air ro the bl h w b le s l l p ieqfiq the pistonod i h r h i j is ihd [8% ihro igh the pipe t i ei e a sess .35% he nex 22% p 2, 2 h 1 h l q hst it su ply o air u e u 'e .-El?- e l hqers holds the articl eel/amine Ilene he 2 m? thc hg fini h n hi 1 in Q qzP ii9 Ii er t ii 9. ei ih ir of he will inset? b ie e lie rli lle i i. p ece. the out i te ii 'fi i 'sh i'ie, liil and. wi l t e pen the T h h hlevei We valves e e s tates e ei fier- 'l hll. l hre v withdra bet-h of 51 e llf'e f h i e r; 291 to. a e location he wo res ii fi, be, o rated simultw 1a ee 12%;! ea ehe hhzh, Openin 1 1 1 R PiF @iI-JlIlQQl? pressure from 6 119W i e r es .41. n 2481 h n 1 iii l l re iili hs nmeve he Qillie- W 9 to 2 9%. ei h ne ll ension i ips 3- Tli iiior me i h he rash ro-.. a th fie i e i. 23 al fill hfll 1 .1 and moves the h A. like h t ii'eite passage isl d I '9 q w f i le .Qn-, Thismovem elsq l fs jv dly e ii es h hhl y an he opera.- P'r m y the? f ee il -e heizcl esjw Q the v lv 3,? $0510.59 end; hil lhinl 2 7 55 118 n. e e i si rilfll h va ve p s. thihthii to the; otted PQ$i l 3 11392 19291; t9 he; pist n. end elgnh; T F 3 3?, @1 5 9 Thhh ,v ir n r hit lii e fiTQlh; the $Q1 IQQ 1fi9W bF ll h p pe 24 4 W ll e n 'hf l r flel th ssa e 235-, the 1 3 meal-58 end; 25.9 9; -G i 3 @9 9. This imp air und rh surh to P11? e s ei's; 3 will l e ul s rl advan ement ef' he- P s s r ed 3? hztlive @Fllilfi. dvancing unit 15 Ellie isteiiireilJ- h z heh nsiqe iiei inish: ns iifif The ll re ilii sic lv s l iidz fi hi hblx wasted. that he p st'o l 'edsel vaw in 'th'e' proper relation to sec'in ethe steps'of op"? eration illustrated in Figs. 10514. As these plsr :ton rods 3'I'and I98 advane, air is exhausted by the pistons from tide piston-rod ends of tho cylinders 36 and 13; through the pipe 254, pipe 252; port 223, passage 23!, port 22!, and pipe 281 which is open to the'atmosphere. Part 01 the exhaust air, however, exhausts from port 228 through the pipe 256 and the blower ring I. The exhaust of this air through the blower ring serves to. blow dust and debris from tho stripping QIQEE lfil into the-dust vcollector.

When the piston rod I93 of the inside facing finishin unit l6 has advanced to its highest p0,- itiQn, the cam 21.8 of the'lower plate I52 conbasis th 01161 '2]! of the valve 209 and opens th some, placing the pipe 248 in communication Wilh l pine, 2.51 whi-ch'is open to the atmos phage, The immediate result of this is to release n isisfillye'ln t e air cylinder 242 and permit the spring 243 to pull the rock 239 to the right. This movement o the. ack i tahe's the Pinion 238 and va e lu 332 o the rzosition shown in solid lines whemule n air under pressure passes from the upply 5. t rough pip 24.4, passag 236, and pip 35; 254 29 the piston-rod ends of the cylini l' .5 and 8 and, etracts the. units. I2 and It to the positi n As these. units are re t rhebeii; exhaus s tram he pi t n en fh eyllm ijs 6 and .9%"fih Q Eh, the. pines 25a and H28 @XIQ. hhssa e. 26% to. he sha sh 9111 .25! and th blowe nipe. 2.

l s films. see that the sys em lust ated, in lQ Pr QQs a semiaut matic cohhrol. to: the qpei e i s oi the apparat s. The: ohehator. hhed n y nsert th r icle to be. fini hed into the out- Si e iaei i finis i h unit 1'2? and momentarily o en. the. valves 132-2; e proper y operate. the 11D hhifhliis T e e ele. advancin unit Li: and the 7 h. imlt l6 w ll. be al lyamed e99 iel fiheteil i. h qnerl imo r a on. nd the bimefisllih hr zifle ll; be fin shesi and lected rom, th hnhrsws H; the; Qh rak r: r ils to releas the, handles 22% hi val es 2:22 and: eeps them) open hqii h seriou w ll hhpheh in e the 91ml 19d? $1 and; H t me ely ree rochle W k ins lei-1m or-e imite mhqre h nt. m. heir hqrnize l hesil eih Th? h ii l f-liuqe ei s ll ly p rqe lz iih mo ement w l iei ll-si b sm l aha in me e sehf n y Que-half n h and w ll ihrlih l o he eperht r hat e ms? helehsei e lihmlles .214- i I s m n a ce t ew: m be eees h xor des rable to; u il e hi ih ide lac-ins; n shi isuhi h n his. ehn, heihpii hret s ma hee hsidehhhly simplified, angl in Eigs. 1g 2mg 1'7, we; haye; illusv 'fil l ei lwhfi. m fiih file- 1 1. hese: ho se We ha e l s hted-h ihrfiieleilvh ieing: 12 r and outside; f39 lgfim$l1ingu L3} Th se, u fits r i-m lini iiz l qn i tr mn m nn r imihr t a ililie; e ph htusq r i h- -r I-li sl be; olo'shrvedh th t, he e is; no: article eject ng um; nside-fe l ngfiil sliins-u it provided ut that meio is ubs ituted; he e pndiseha ge; chute formed, by t e. inplinemirotlszl I. vitriol; are; scooped atlthoir. end tojthejframe I i 'rhegarii le sii n li l ii l l2" mp ses 4. cylir cleicv 35,? ndisten. o -3 7 however, h r ic e sivahg n g eiii niej re y emh se not eil e e la 21 nee t ide l sing finishin u s eQnsFmwh dei mi h ;mhhh.e. i ohhe uni '3; o he; hphh ieliis hfi ssi 4-Q1QJELQI: hem: pris s 'hlurality f S Q 1?' .Q l: maimed hetweeni he ends. mat s e f nd fil e stt h uter l i erti e: meimlaerh v the h dimemi il hstrated, two spring pressure means 8| are provided for each shoe, but it is apparent that only one may be used in the same manner as that shown in Fig. 5. Each spring means comprises a tubular housing 213 welded to the shell 63' and slidably receiving the plunger 214 which is provided with a pin 2'58 for reception in slots 2'" in the housing 213. A spring 218 urges the plunger 214 inwardly and presses the shoe forwardly.

Operation of this modification is relatively simple since it is merely necessary to drop a ring into place in the unit l3 and advance the plate 212 to progress the bimetallic article through the unit l3. After the article has passed through the unit, it falls downwardly onto the inclined rods 2' and slides out of th machine into a suitable receiving receptacle.

While the forms of construction which have been shown and described are such as are'preferred, it should be understood that various modifications of the constructions disclosed are contemplated. For example, the apparatus could be disposed horizontally on its side instead of vertically as shown. In this case, the article on being stripped from the inner facing finishing member would be permitted to fall by gravity from the machine, thus, eliminating the necessity for an ejector unit.

It is also apparent that the apparatus is adapted to finish bimetallic articles having a facing on one face of the core only and that this facing need not overlap or be coextensive with all portions of the periphery of the core. Furthermore, the contour of the surface defined by the rough faces of the shoes may readily be designed so that articles of non-circular and irregular shape may be finished. The article may have lugs on the outer periphery as shown or they may be disposed on the inner periphery. In this latter case, the shoes of the inner facing unit would be spaced apart to provide longitudinal slots for reception of the lugs, while the shoes of the outer finishing unit would meet on inclined 1ines.

While We have illustrated only an annular article adapted for use in a brake; it is appargated shoes having rough inner faces and being so disposed that said faces cooperate to define a chamber; resilient means supporting said shoes on said supporting member and comprising spring and guide members so constructed and arranged as to mount each shoe for lateral and tilting movement in a plane including the center of said chamber; and article advancing means include ing an axially reciprocable ram disposedat one end of said supporting member.

3. Apparatus for finishing the edge of the fac-.- ing of a bimetallic article of the type having a facing of sintered powdered metal bonded to the face of a core of solid metal comprising a supporting member; a peripheral series of shoes disposed within said supporting member and having rough inner faces cooperating to define a rough longated surface having a shape in cross section substantially the same as the contour of the outer periphery of the core; said supporting member comprising spaced guide members loosely receiving and guiding extensions of said shoes; spring means for urging said shoes and rough faces inwardly, whereby each shoe is mounted for resilient tilting and transverse movement in a plane including the axis of said shoe and at right angles to the rough face'thereof; and means for relatively moving said article and said surface with the face of the article substantially at right angles to the rough faces of said shoes.

4. In an apparatus of the class described, a supporting member comprising a first guide member having a seriesof radial guide slots and, a second guide member spaced from saidfirst guide member and provided with a corresponding series of radial guide slots; a plurality of elongated shoes having rough faces, said shoes having extensions at the nds thereof loosely received in said slots to mount the shoes for movement in 40 the radial planes of the slots with the rough ent that the apparatus is suitable for treating any similar bimetallic article whether annular or not and whether it is to be used as a bearing or other machine element. Accordingly, it should be recognized that various modifications may be made within the bounds of the following claims.

We claim:

1. Apparatus for finishing the peripheral edge of the facing of a bimetallic article of the type having a facing of sintered powdered metal bonded to the face of a core of solid metal comprising a supporting member; a peripheral series of elongated shoes having rough inner faces; resilient means mounting said shoes on said supporting member in such position that said rough faces cooperate to define a rough elongated surface having a shape in cross section substantially the same as the contour of the outer periphery of the core, said resilient means comprisin guide and stop means whereby each shoe is mounted for limited transverse and tilting movement in a plane including the longitudinal axis of the shoe and at right angles to its face; and means for relatively moving said article and supporting member with the face of the article substantially at right angles to the faces of said shoes and the edge of the facing in contact with the rough faces of the shoes.

2. In an apparatus of the class described, a

supporting member; a peripheral series of elonfaces of the shoes disposed at right angles to the slots; resilient means carried by said supporting member and engaging each shoe to urge the shoe and the rough face of the same forwardly, whereby each shoe is mounted for resilient transverse and tilting movement in a plane including the longitudinal aiXs of the shoe and at right angles to th rough face thereof; the rough faces of said elongated shoes cooperating to define a sub-- stantially continuous elongated abrading surface.

5. In an apparatus of the class described, a supporting member; a peripheral series of elongated shoes having rough inner faces and being so disposed that said faces cooperate to define a chamber; resilient means supporting said shoes on said supporting member for movement toward and from said chamber; an inner supporting member; a peripheral series of elongated shoes having rough outer faces and being so disposed that said faces cooperate to define a surface of less cross sectional area than said chamber, said surface being axially aligned with said chamber; resilient means supporting said second named series of shoes on said inner member for yielding lateral movement; means mounting said supporting members for relatively axial movement whereby said surface can be disposed within said chamber to define an annular passage having rough surfaces; and article advancing means including an axially reciprocable ram disposed atone end of said supporting member.

6. Apparatus for finishing the edges of the facing of a bimetallic article of the type having a facing of sintered powdered metal bonded to the face of an annular core of solid metal comprising a stationary outer member resiliently carrying-a peripheral series of shoes having rough inner faces, said faces cooperating to define an elongated chamber having a shape in cross section substantially the same as the contour of the outor periphery of the face of the core; a movable, axially aligned inner member resiliently carrying a. peripheral series of shoes having rough outer faces, said last mentioned faces. cooperating to define an elongated surface having a shape in cross section substantially the same as the contour of the inner periphery of the face of the core; means disposed at one end of said outer member for advancing said article through said chamber with the face thereof substantially at right angles to the faces of the shoes; and means for advancing and retracting said inner member with respect to the outer member from a position at the end opposite said article advancing means to a position inside said outer member.

7. The apparatus of claim -8 including timing means for controlling the operation of said inner member advancing means whereby said inner member is advanced to meet said article after said article advancing means has advanced said article substantially midway of said outer member.

8. The apparatus of claim 6 including a stationary stripping member located between the retracted position of the inner member and the outer member and in the path of movement of the article and adapted to strip the article from the inner member as the same is retracted.

9. The apparatus of claim 6 in which the resilient mounting of said shoes comprises a series of springs and guide members so constructed and arranged as to mount each shoe for movement in a direction toward and away from the path of movement of the article and for tiltin movement in a plane including the path of movement of the article.

10. The apparatus of claim 6 including a sta tionary stripping member located in the path of movement of the article and between the outer member and the inner member in its retracted position and adapted to strip the article from the inner member as the inner member is retracted; and ejector means for ejecting the stripped article from the apparatus.

11. The apparatus of claim 6 including a stationary stripping member located in the path of movement of the article and between the outer member and the inner member in its retracted position and adapted to strip the article from the inner member as the inner member is retracted; and ejector means for ejecting the stripped artiele from the apparatus, said ejector means being operatively connected to said inner member whereby retraction of said inner member operates said ejector means.

12. Apparatus for finishing the edges of the facing of a bimetallic article of the type having a facing of sintered powdered metal bonded to the face of an annular core of solid metal provided with spaced peripheral lugs comprising a stationary outer member resiliently carrying a peripheral series of elongated shoes having rough inner faces, said faces cooperating to define an elongated chamber having a shape in cross section substantially the same as the contour of the outer periphery of the face of the core; a movable, axi ally aligned inner member resiliently carrying a peripheral series of elongated shoes having rough outer faces, said last mentioned faces cooperating to define an elongated surface having a shape in cross section substantially the same as the con tour of the inner periphery of the face of the core; means disposed at one end of said outer member for advancing said article through said chamber with the face thereof substantially at right angles to the faces of the shoes; and means for advancing and retracting said inner member with respect to the outer member from a position at the end opposite said article advancing means to a position inside said outer member; the rough faces of the shoes of one of said series being spaced apart peripherally to define longitudinal slots for the reception of the lugs of the article, and the edges of the rough faces of said other series of shoes substantially meeting in lines inclined in the plane of said faces.

13. The apparatus of claim 12 including a stationary stripping member located in the path of movement of the article and between the outer member and the retracted position of the inner member.

14. In an apparatus of the class described, an outer supporting member; a peripheral series of shoes resiliently carried by said outer member and having rough inner faces cooperating to define a chamber; an inner supporting member; a peripheral series of shoes resiliently carried by said inner member and having rough outer faces cooperating to define a surface of less cross-sectional area than said passage, said surface being axially aligned with said chamber; article advancing means including a reciprocating ram operatively connected to a fluid-operated cylinder and piston mounted at one end of said outer member; means including a second fluid-operated cylinder and piston mounting said inner member for reciprocating axial movement whereby said surface can be disposed within said chamber and cooperate therewith to define an annular passage having rough surfaces; a stationary stripping member having an opening of area slightly reater than the cross-sectional area of said inner member disposed between the outer member and the retracted position of the inner member; a blower pipe disposed between said outer member and said stripping plate and provided with a plurality of apertures directed toward said plate; and control means adapted to supply fluid under pressure to said cylinders to advance and retract the article advancing ram and the inner member in timed relation, and including connections whereby the fluid exhausted from at least one of said cylinders is supplied to said blower pipe and discharged through the apertures thereof.

15. The apparatus of claim 14 including ejector means comprising at least one arm mounted on said stripping member for movement thereover, said arm being operably connected to said inner member whereby movement of the inner member moves'the arm over the strip ing member.

16. In an apparatus of the class described an outer supporting member; a resilient, elongated, outer, abrading surface carried by said supporting member, said surface comprising a peripheral series of elongated rough faces; an inner supporting member; a resilient, elongated, inner, abrading surface carried by said inner supporting member, said surface comprising a peripheral series of elongated, rough faces, said inner surface being of less cross-sectional area than said outer surface and being axially aligned therewith; article advancing means including a reciprocating ram operatively connected to a cylinder and piston mounted at one end of said outer member; and means including a second fluid-operated cylinder and piston mounting said inner member for p ing axial movement whereby said inner surface can be disposed within and in spaced relation to said outer surface to define an annular passage having rough surfaces.

17. A friction shoe of T-shaped cross section comprising an elongated face portion having a rough face and forming the head of the T; an elongated reinforcing portion forming the stem of the T and located on the opposite side of the face portion from the rough face; said rough face being curved both transversely and longitudinally; and said reinforcing portion having an extension at each end thereof beyond the length of the first mentioned portion.

LEO S. KUPER'SMITH. CHARLES F. WIRT. 

